2.3.1+The+Internet

=Knowledge of technology = In order to study and evaluate the social and ethical issues involved in the use of the Internet, the student must have an understanding of related technological concepts. These may include: • key terms— Internet Protocols: The **Internet Protocol** (**IP**) is a protocol used for communicating data across a packet-switched internetwork using the Internet Protocol Suite, also referred to as TCP/IP.

Cookies: A **Cookie** is data sent to your computer by a Web server that records your actions on a certain Web site. It's a lot like a preference file for a typical computer program.

Listserv: A **Listserv**, or list server, is a small program that automatically sends messages to multiple e-mail addresses on a mailing list. When someone subscribes to a mailing list, the listserv will automatically add the address and distribute future e-mail messages to that address along with all the others on the list.

Web Cam: The purpose of a **Webcam** is to broadcast video on the Web. Webcams are typically small cameras that either attach to a user's monitor or sit on a desk.

Internet languages: **Internet Languages** are the languages used on the World Wide Web.

Netiquette: ** Netiquette ** is a set of social conventions that facilitate interaction over networks, ranging from Usenet and mailing lists to blogs and forums.

Intranet: **Intranet ** is an internal or private network that can only be accessed within the confines of a company, university, or organization.

URL: Uniform Resource Locator. A **URL** is the address of a specific Web site or file on the Internet. It cannot have spaces or certain other characters and uses forward slashes to denote different directories.

Hyperlink: A **hyperlink** is a word, phrase, or image that you can click on to jump to a new document or a new section within the current document. Hyperlinks are found in nearly all Web pages, allowing users to click their way from page to page.

Bandwidth: **Bandwidth ** refers to how much data you can send through a network or modem connection. It is usually measured in bits per second, or "bps."

WWW: **World Wide Web**. It is a subset of the Internet which consists of pages that can be accessed using a Web browser.

Browser: A **browser** is the program people use to access the World Wide Web.

Search Engine: **Search engines ** are programs which index millions of sites on the Web, so that Web surfers can easily find Web sites with the information they want.

E-mail: **E-mail **is a method of exchanging digital messages.

• Means for blocking access to information: Websites are blocked for multiple reasons in different countries. For example here in Saudi Arabia pornography websites are blocked for religious reasons. • features of a web browser • comparison of Internet and Intranet • encryption methods • the limiting effect of bandwidth • e-mail • viruses • features of a web page • global databases •  online services, e-commerce, banking, health, libraries • use of appropriate search engines.